Rosetta Steins fly-by timeline
Tue Sep 2, 2008 at 12:49 UTC
The Rosetta spacecraft control room is buzzing with anticipation as Rosetta closes in on asteroid 2867 Steins. The fly-by timeline includes a series of critical events, culminating with closest approach - expected at 18:58 UTC, 5 September 2008.
At the time of closest approach, Rosetta is planned to be 800 km from the asteroid, passing by at a speed of 8.6 km/s relative to Steins. Both Rosetta and Steins will be illuminated by the Sun, providing an excellent opportunity for science observations.
Between 40 and 20 minutes before closest approach, Rosetta will be flipped and the spacecraft will switch to a specially designed asteroid fly-by mode, an optimal configuration that supports the intensive observation and tracking activity of the on-board instruments.
Although most scientific observations will take place in the few hours around closest approach, several instruments will be switched on for a longer time around the event.
ESA's Cebreros deep space antenna (DSA 2) in Cebreros, Spain, will be used for communications with Rosetta in the two days preceding closest approach. When the spacecraft is not visible from Cebreros or New Norcia, NASA's DSN (Deep Space Network) ground stations at Goldstone, Canberra and Madrid will provide support for tracking and for science operations.
Around closest approach, Rosetta will be 2.41 Astronomical Units, or about 360 million km, from Earth. Radio signals sent to and from the spacecraft will have a 20 minute one-way travel time.
Credit: ESA, image by C.Carreau.
This diagram shows the approach of Rosetta's spacecraft to asteroid (2867) Steins on 5 September 2008. Steins is located in the main asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. The encounter took place during Rosetta's first incursion into the main asteroid belt while on its way to Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.
Timeline of nominal fly-by events
| Time (UTC) | Event |
| 1 September | |
| 00:20 | Instruments switched on (except OSIRIS which was already on for the navigation campaign) |
| 4 September | |
| 05:20-09:20 | Slot for possible trajectory correction manoeuvre (36 hours before closest approach) |
| 11:20-16:20 | Last opportunity to acquire images for optical navigation campaign |
| 5 September | |
| 05:20-08:20 | Slot for possible trajectory correction manoeuvre (12 hours before closest approach) |
| 08:20 | Navigation cameras switch to tracking mode - initially both used, then use CAM 'A' only (to be decided) |
| 09:00 | Uplink fly-by commands for asteroid fly-by mode (AFM) Includes an update to the command profile already on board & the final updated AFM commands (only if 1 CAM at least is tracking) |
| 18:18-18:38 | Spacecraft flip over |
| 18:39 | Spacecraft switches automatically to asteroid fly-by mode |
| 18:56 | Sun illuminates Rosetta from the back and the asteroid fully |
| 18:58 | Closest approach, at a planned distance of 800 km from the asteroid |
| 20:27 | First post-fly-by acquisition of signal (AOS) - telemetry received via NASA's Goldstone ground station |
| 20:30 | Start of science data download via Goldstone |
| Source: European Space Agency | |
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